muscle mnemonics origin, insertion action

It inserts onto the deltoid tuberosity, which is a roughened elevated patch found on the lateral surface of the humerus. Origin: Inferior angle of scapula. Register now Trapezius muscle:This is a superficial, large, fan like muscle found on the back. The distal phalanx therefore lies in permanent flexion, and has the appearance of a mallet. The Cellular Level of Organization, Chapter 4. Test your knowledge on the muscles of the hand with the following quiz. These muscles can extend the head, laterally flex it, and rotate it (Figure 11.4.8). In that manner of speaking, this article will explain all the anatomical aspects of the muscles of the scapula, arm, forearm and hand. The common flexor origin is the medial epicondyle. The forearm is the region between the elbow and thewrist and is composed of an extensor and flexor compartment. The upper fibers act to extend the neck, elevate, and upwardly rotate. It acts to extend the wrist, fixes writs during clenching fist, and when it acts with flexor carpi ulnaris it contributes to ulnar deviation of the wrist. The muscles are named after their functions, with the flexor muscle lateral most, the abductor medial most, and the opponens muscle lying deep. The short head arises from the coracoid process and both heads unite. The muscles of the neck are categorized according to their position relative to the hyoid bone (Figure 11.4.7). Groups of muscles are involved in most movements and names are used to describe the role of each muscle involved. action: protraction of scapula, muscle that allows you to shrug your shoulders or extend your head If the place is on the bone that moves during the action, the attachment is called an insertion. Long head originates from the Supraglenoid cavity. Phew. Take a free major muscles anatomy quiz to test your knowledge, or review our muscle song video. The iliocostalis group includes the iliocostalis cervicis, associated with the cervical region; the iliocostalis thoracis, associated with the thoracic region; and the iliocostalis lumborum, associated with the lumbar region. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. When movement of a body part occurs, muscles work in groups rather than individually. Finally, synergist muscles enhance the action of the agonist. The occipitofrontalis muscle elevates the scalp and eyebrows. Hypothenar eminence:It consists of the flexor digiti minimi brevis, the abductor digiti minimi brevis, and the opponens digiti minimi. This muscle song will help you learn the major muscles of the human body. The first describes action in terms of the bone to which the muscle is attached or the appendage that is moved. The hand is truly the epitome of anatomical complexity. There are relatively few muscles which its movements and function are easy to learn. You can feel the temporalis move by putting your fingers to your temple as you chew. These include the digastric muscle, which has anterior and posterior bellies that work to elevate the hyoid bone and larynx when one swallows; it also depresses the mandible. It acts to extend the wrist and also contributes to radial deviation of the wrist. The brachialis originates on the humerus, and it inserts on the front of the ulna. The three muscles of the longissimus group are the longissimus capitis, associated with the head region; the longissimus cervicis, associated with the cervical region; and the longissimus thoracis, associated with the thoracic region. This injury is commonly called baseball finger. With more than 600 muscles in the body, it can feel impossible to keep track of them all. Copyright Use the following mnemonic to remember the origins of the biceps brachii muscle. It is a powerful superficial muscle of the shoulder. Its action is elevation of the scapula as well as superior rotation of the scapula. 3 in extensor compartment of arm: 3 heads of triceps (long, medial, lateral), 3 thenar muscles: abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis (+adductor pollicis), 3 hypothenar muscles: abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minmi (+palmaris brevis), 3 metacarpal muscles: dorsal interossei, palmar interossei, lumbricals, 3 abductors of digits: dorsal interossei, abductor pollicis brevis, abductor digiti minimi, Flexor carpi radialis muscle (cross-sectional view) -National Library of Medicine, Superficial head of flexor pollicis brevis muscle (ventral view) -Yousun Koh, Lumbrical muscles of the hand (ventral view) -Yousun Koh. Muscle memory is a form of procedural memory that involves consolidating a specific motor task into memory through repetition, which has been used synonymously with motor learning. This muscle also modulates the movement of the deltoid like the other rotator cuff muscles. If the place is a bone that remains immobile for an action, the attachment is called an origin. It is important to note that the scapula does articulate with the acromial end of the clavicle forming the acromioclavicular joint (AC joint), as well as the humeral head with the scapular glenoid cavity (fossa) which forms the glenohumeral joint. It acts as an adductor (to add to the body), assists in extension and medial rotation, as well as stabilization of the scapula. A rule of thumb is that any muscle tendon that crosses a joint will act on that joint. Muscle origins and insertions dictate the type of movement that occurs when a muscle contracts. The long head arises from the infraglenoid tubercle and consists of mainly type 2b fibers. Click the card to flip . For example, upper limb muscles are grouped by shoulder and arm, forearm and hand. 1. Upper limb muscles and movements: want to learn more about it? This is logical because this muscle inserts broadly at an angle across much of the back of the head, so it attaches to both lateral structures (the mastoid processes) and medial structures (the occipital bone). copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. The muscle acts primarily as a supinator of the forearm, as well as a flexor of the elbow. Here I discuss an alternative way to learn muscles and their origin(s), insertion(s), and action(s).Key Takeaways. The erector spinae has three subgroups. Interossei:These are grouped into four dorsal and threepalmar interossei and are part of the midpalmar group. The muscles in the face create facial expression by inserting into the skin rather than onto bone. Muscle: Extensor pollicis brevis. Extensor indicis proprius muscle:This muscle arises from the posterior distal 3rd of the ulna and interosseous membrane and inserts onto the middle and distal phalanx of the index finger. Iliococcygeus is a thin sheet of muscle that traverses the pelvic canal from the tendinous arch of the levator ani to the midline iliococcygeal raphe where it joins with the muscle of the other side and connects with the superior surface of the sacrum and coccyx. It allows for powerful elbow extension (such as doing a pushup). Youll be able to clearly visualize muscle locations and understand how they relate to surrounding structures. The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue, Chapter 13. Tap the Skeletal System Icon, and press the Plus button until you come to the Origin and Insertion layer (the fourth layers of the system). Inferior dislocations are the least common and make the upper limb appears as if you are holding your upper limb upwards. Some of the axial muscles may seem to blur the boundaries because they cross over to the appendicular skeleton. Test your knowledge on the muscles of the arm right away using our handy round-up of quizzes, diagrams and free worksheets. Bony Landmarks Types & Identification | What are Femur Landmarks? Like the trapezius, this muscle can be divided into three sets of fibers: anterior, lateral, and posterior. Adjacent muscles which serve similar functions are often innervated by the same nerve. It is innervated by the median nerve, which passes between its two heads to enter the forearm. Diaphragm *Note the distinction between internal and innermost intercostal. Muscles always pull. However, the scapula is integral to the movement of the shoulder via the rotator cuffand additional muscles. The strap-like infrahyoid muscles generally depress the hyoid bone and control the position of the larynx. The muscle acts to supinate the forearm and forms the lateral border of the cubital fossa. It is best studied broken down into its components: regions, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. Teres minor:This muscle arises from the lateral border of the scapula and inserts onto the greater tubercle of the humerus. The muscle causes flexion of the wrist, and radial deviation when it acts with extensor carpi radialis. It inserts into the 5th proximal phalanx (pinky finger). Insertion: Head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia The muscle causes flexion of the wrist and ulnar deviation when its acts with extensor carpi ulnaris. The muscle then descends inferiorly to insert into the radial tuberosity of the radius as well as help create the bicipital aponeurosis, an expansion that inserts into the deep fascia of the forearm and onto the ulna. The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation, Chapter 21. Its innervation is from the upper suprascapular nerve. It inserts on the distal phalangesof the 2nd to 5th digits and acts to flex the distal IP joints of the fingers. The muscle origin often describes the more proximal attachment point of the muscle, while the muscle insertion point refers to the distal attachment. Conventionally, a muscle origin describes the attachment of a muscle on the more stable bone. The segmental muscles include the interspinales and intertransversarii. The muscle has dual innervation. inserion: medial border of scapula MUSCLE NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NOTES MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR AND LATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis Internal surfaces of costal cartilages of ribs 7-12 . We will also discuss the clinical relevance of the upper limb. Tongue muscles can be extrinsic or intrinsic. The muscles of the neck stabilize and move the head. You can listen to the song below, and then take the free major muscle quiz. The problem? When they contract bilaterally, the head flexes or extends. The nerve supply arises from the suprascapular nerve (upper and lower), which arises from the unification of the anterior rami of spinal nerves C5 and C6(C = cervical). Due to this abducting movement, the supraspinatus is commonly referred to as the suitcase muscle; i.e. The Cardiovascular System: The Heart, Chapter 20. The axial muscles are grouped based on location, function, or both. Additionally, these muscles switch roles with opposite movements. The scaphoid bone forms the floor of the anatomical snuffbox and articulates with the radius at the wrist. Tearing most commonly occurs in the tendon of supraspinatus. Here's a mnemonic to help you remember the innervation of the lumbricals more easily! Muscle contraction results in different types of movement. It also acts as an extensor of the wrist and radial deviator. This is the reason the muscle is well developed in boxers who protract their scapula in the terminal phases of their punches in order to maximize reach. It is innervated by the medial and lateral pectoral nerves. The erector spinae comprises the iliocostalis (laterally placed) group, the longissimus (intermediately placed) group, and the spinalis (medially placed) group. Insertion: Proximal, medial tibia The muscle inserts onto the anterior lateral surface of the body of the radius. The head is balanced, moved and rotated by the neck muscles (Table 11.5). and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! Agonists and antagonists are always functional opposites. Reading time: about 1 hour. As the muscles pass anteriorly to the MP joints and insert they cause flexion of the MP joint and extension of the IP joints. Take advantage of the following mnemonic to make your life a little easier! It arises from the spinous processes of the T7-L5 (L = Lumbar) vertebrae, costals 8-12, inferior angle of the scapula, and iliac crest. The genioglossus depresses the tongue and moves it anteriorly; the styloglossus lifts the tongue and retracts it; the palatoglossus elevates the back of the tongue; and the hyoglossus depresses and flattens it. The humeral head arises from the medial supracondylar ridge of the humerus and the coronoid process of the ulna. Most anatomy courses will require that you at least know the name and location of the major muscles, though some anatomy courses will also require you to know the function (or action), the insertion and origin, and so on. Muscle: Abductor pollicis longus - Origin: - Posterior surfaces of radius and ulna - Interosseous membrane - Insertion: Base of 1st metacarpal - Action: - Radial deviation of wrist - Abduction of thumb at CMC joint - Nerve Supply: Deep branch of radial nerve. The second way to describe a muscle's action is based on the joint, or the articulation. The muscles of the head and neck are all axial. Its supinating effect are maximal when the elbow is extended. It's important to note that the antagonist contraction is minor in comparison to the agonist contraction, and therefore it doesn't prevent the action of the agonist. Kim Bengochea, Regis University, Denver. This also helps you understand its action (s) as well as what injuries may be present if there is pain in relevant areas. Subjects: action comments insertion muscles nerve origin skeletal . Both these muscles are known as the punching muscles as they contribute to radial deviation of the wrist, which is essential for boxers. The major muscle that laterally flexes and rotates the head is the sternocleidomastoid. It inserts onto the ulnar aspect of the 5th proximal phalanx. 2023 1.2 Structural Organization of the Human Body, 2.1 Elements and Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter, 2.4 Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, 2.5 Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, 3.2 The Cytoplasm and Cellular Organelles, 4.3 Connective Tissue Supports and Protects, 5.3 Functions of the Integumentary System, 5.4 Diseases, Disorders, and Injuries of the Integumentary System, 6.6 Exercise, Nutrition, Hormones, and Bone Tissue, 6.7 Calcium Homeostasis: Interactions of the Skeletal System and Other Organ Systems, 7.6 Embryonic Development of the Axial Skeleton, 8.5 Development of the Appendicular Skeleton, 10.3 Muscle Fiber Excitation, Contraction, and Relaxation, 10.4 Nervous System Control of Muscle Tension, 10.8 Development and Regeneration of Muscle Tissue, 11.1 Describe the roles of agonists, antagonists and synergists, 11.2 Explain the organization of muscle fascicles and their role in generating force, 11.3 Explain the criteria used to name skeletal muscles, 11.4 Axial Muscles of the Head Neck and Back, 11.5 Axial muscles of the abdominal wall and thorax, 11.6 Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs, 11.7 Appendicular Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs, 12.1 Structure and Function of the Nervous System, 13.4 Relationship of the PNS to the Spinal Cord of the CNS, 13.6 Testing the Spinal Nerves (Sensory and Motor Exams), 14.2 Blood Flow the meninges and Cerebrospinal Fluid Production and Circulation, 16.1 Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System, 16.4 Drugs that Affect the Autonomic System, 17.3 The Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus, 17.10 Organs with Secondary Endocrine Functions, 17.11 Development and Aging of the Endocrine System, 19.2 Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity, 20.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels, 20.2 Blood Flow, Blood Pressure, and Resistance, 20.4 Homeostatic Regulation of the Vascular System, 20.6 Development of Blood Vessels and Fetal Circulation, 21.1 Anatomy of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems, 21.2 Barrier Defenses and the Innate Immune Response, 21.3 The Adaptive Immune Response: T lymphocytes and Their Functional Types, 21.4 The Adaptive Immune Response: B-lymphocytes and Antibodies, 21.5 The Immune Response against Pathogens, 21.6 Diseases Associated with Depressed or Overactive Immune Responses, 21.7 Transplantation and Cancer Immunology, 22.1 Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System, 22.6 Modifications in Respiratory Functions, 22.7 Embryonic Development of the Respiratory System, 23.2 Digestive System Processes and Regulation, 23.5 Accessory Organs in Digestion: The Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder, 23.7 Chemical Digestion and Absorption: A Closer Look, 25.1 Internal and External Anatomy of the Kidney, 25.2 Microscopic Anatomy of the Kidney: Anatomy of the Nephron, 25.3 Physiology of Urine Formation: Overview, 25.4 Physiology of Urine Formation: Glomerular Filtration, 25.5 Physiology of Urine Formation: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion, 25.6 Physiology of Urine Formation: Medullary Concentration Gradient, 25.7 Physiology of Urine Formation: Regulation of Fluid Volume and Composition, 27.3 Physiology of the Female Sexual System, 27.4 Physiology of the Male Sexual System, 28.4 Maternal Changes During Pregnancy, Labor, and Birth, 28.5 Adjustments of the Infant at Birth and Postnatal Stages. Most skeletal muscle is attached to bone on its ends by way of what we call tendons. Reading time: 3 minutes. Identify the following muscles and give their origins, insertions, actions and innervations: Axial muscles of the head neck and back The skeletal muscles are divided into axial (muscles of the trunk and head) and appendicular (muscles of the arms and legs) categories. Last Played February 22, 2022 - 12:00 am There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper. This muscle divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles when viewed from the side (Figure 11.4.8). The acronym for the rotator cuff is S.I.T.S. Weve created muscle anatomy charts for every muscle containing region of the body: Each chart groups the muscles of that region into its component groups, making your revision a million times easier. Extensor digiti minimi muscle:This muscle arises from the anterior surface of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. The medial head arises from the posterior surface of the humerus below the radial groove. They also contribute to deep inhalation. It acts to draw the scapula lateral, forward, downward, and stabilizes the scapula. Those in the same compartment will have the same action. The action, or particular movement of a muscle, can be described relative to the joint or the body part moved. The back muscles stabilize and move the vertebral column, and are grouped according to the lengths and direction of the fascicles. Oftentimes, synergist muscles are needed to get a particular action started. When a movement is repeated over time, the brain creates a long-term muscle memory for that task, eventually allowing it to be performed with little to no conscious . Registered Nurse, Free Care Plans, Free NCLEX Review, Nurse Salary, and much more. It consists mainly of type 2a fibers and provides power and endurance to elbow extension. Kinesiological Analysis: Description & Major Components, Massage Therapy Scope of Practice | Overview, Purpose & Manipulation. Thats why wecreated muscle anatomy charts; your condensed, no-nonsense, easy to understand learning solution. The movement of the eyeball is under the control of the extra ocular (extrinsic) eye muscles, which originate from the bones of the orbitand insert onto the outer surface of the white of the eye. It acts to support the extensor digitorum muscle in extending the index finger and wrist. The palmar interossei are unipennate, and the dorsal interossei are bipennate. The movements would be used in bowling or swing your arms while walking. The transversospinales muscles run from the transverse processes to the spinous processes of the vertebrae. The muscles of facial expression originate from the surface of the skull or the fascia (connective tissue) of the face. Commonly referred to as impingement syndrome. Palmaris longus muscle: This muscle can be absent in some of the population. Why are the muscles of the face different from typical skeletal muscle? The geniohyoid depresses the mandible in addition to raising and pulling the hyoid bone anteriorly. The erector spinae group forms the majority of the muscle mass of the back and it is the primary extensor of the vertebral column. It acts to extend the pinky as well as the wrist. An agonist, or as I said before, a prime mover, is the muscle that is primarily responsible for the movement described: forearm flexion. Do you struggle with straight memorization? Teres Major. Iliacus muscle. The insertion then, is the attachment of a muscle on the more moveable bone. In anatomical terminology, chewing is called mastication. This website helped me pass! Curated learning paths created by our anatomy experts, 1000s of high quality anatomy illustrations and articles. This compartment is anterior in anatomical position. The biceps brachii is the agonist in forearm flexion. It also flexes the MP and wrist joints, although these are its secondary functions. The patient will present with tenderness within the anatomical snuffbox. The spinalis group includes the spinalis capitis, the spinalis cervicis, and the spinalis thoracis. Read more. The humeroulnar head arises from the medial epicondyle and the radial head arises from the superior anterior surface of the radial shaft. Brachioradialis muscle:This muscle lies between the flexor and extensor compartments of the forearm. The Cardiovascular System: Blood, Chapter 19. This article will discuss the anatomy of the serratus anterior muscle. Do you find it difficult to memorize the muscles of the hand? The extrinsic muscles move the whole tongue in different directions, whereas the intrinsic muscles allow the tongue to change its shape (such as, curling the tongue in a loop or flattening it). Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. My insertion is the angles of the ribs and transverse processes of C4-C6. It is innervated by the median nerve a branch of the lateral and medial cord of the brachial plexus. Coracobrachialis muscle :The beauty of this muscle is that its name explains its origin, insertion, and action. Definition. The lower subscapular nerve innervates the muscle and it is a branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. One common style of the Monteggia fracture is in children where the radial head is dislocated through a forceful pulling on the arm. The muscles acts to flex the proximal IP joints as it primary function. Explore the definition and actions of origin and insertion and learn about action nomenclature and the functional roles of muscles. It is innervated by the radial nerve, a portion of the posterior branch of the brachial plexus. EKG Rhythms | ECG Heart Rhythms Explained - Comprehensive NCLEX Review, Simple Anatomy Quiz Most Nurses Get WRONG! The extrinsic muscles all include the word root glossus (glossus = tongue), and the muscle names are derived from where the muscle originates. It inserts onto the radial aspect of the 1st metacarpal. S: supraspinatus I: infraspinatus T: teres minor S: subscapularis With 'SITS', recalling this order also helps remember the insertions of these muscles, with the order being superior, middle, and inferior facets of the greater tubercle of the humerus for supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor respectively and . Therefore, when they contract, the origin pulls the insertion and connected bone closer . #shorts #anatomy. Flexor pollicis longus muscle:This muscle is found superficially within the deep layer. Muscular contraction produces an action, or a movement of the appendage. Suprahyoid muscles are superior to it, and the infrahyoid muscles are located inferiorly. which stands for supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. Supraspinatus tears result in inability to initiate shoulder abduction. The flexor pollicis brevis acts to flex the thumb at the 1st MP joint and is innervated by the median nerve. Author: Action: Actions Alone(unilateral), lateral flexion of vertebral column; Together (bilateral), depression of thoracic rib cage, any of the three pairs of muscles on each side of the neck that are involved in moving the neck, and in breathing In addition, both muscles working together are the flexors of the head. The muscles of the anterior neck facilitate swallowing and speech, stabilize the hyoid bone and position the larynx. The tendon of the muscle passes in its own tunnel to enter the palm and it inserts onto the base of the 1st distal phalanx. The pectoral girdle, or shoulder girdle, consists of the lateral ends of the clavicle and scapula, along . It arises from the anterior surface of the radius and adjacent interosseous membrane. All Rights Reserved. Rather, antagonist contraction controls the movement by slowing it down and making it smooth. Rhomboid minor muscle:This is a smaller muscle with the same shape as the rhomboid major and lies above it. An easy way to remember this little fact is to keep in mind the following mnemonic. Finally, a reliable source (and good looking too!). The buccinator muscle compresses the cheek. We will use examples to describe how the origin and insertion affect the action of a skeletal muscle. For example, one could say the wrist is distal to the elbow. Extrinsic tongue muscles insert into the tongue from outside origins, and the intrinsic tongue muscles insert into the tongue from origins within it. A synergist is a muscle that enhances the action of the agonist. This is a fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with associated dislocation of the proximal radioulnar joint. It is innervated by the radial nerve. This mnemonic recalls the four intrinsic muscles of the hand innervated by the median nerve, whereas all the other intrinsic muscles are ulnar nerve: F: flexor pollicis brevis. In this article we will discuss the gross (structure) and functional anatomy (movement) of the muscles of the upper limb. For example, the biceps brachii performs flexion of the forearm as the forearm is moved. Do you want an efficient way to remember the arm muscles? It most commonly dislocates anteriorly (95%), and can damage the axillary nerve. Depresses mandible when hyoid is fixed; elevates hyoid when mandible is fixed; Posterior belly; facial nerve Anterior belly mylohyoid nerve, Elevates and retracts hyoid; elongates floor of mouth, Elevates floor of mouth in initial stage of swallowing, Depresses mandible when hyoid; elevates and protracts hyoid when mandible is fixed, Depresses hyoid after it has been elevated, Depresses the hyoid during swallowing and speaking, Depresses hyoid; Elevates larynx when hyoid is fixed, Depresses larynx after it has been elevated in swallowing and vocalization, Temporal bone (mastoid process); occipital bone, Unilaterally tilts head up and to the opposite side; Bilaterally draws head forward and down, Occiput between the superior and inferior nuchal line, Extends and rotates the head to the opposite side, Posterior rami of middle cervical and thoracic nerves, Unilaterally and ipsilaterally flexes and rotates the head; Bilaterally extends head, Posterior margin of mastoid process and temporal bone, Extends and hyperextends head; flexes and rotates the head ipsilaterally, Dorsal rami of cervical and thoracic nerves (C6 to T4), Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head forward, Individually: rotates head to opposite side; bilaterally: flexion, Individually: laterally flexes and rotates head to same side; bilaterally: extension, Transverse and articular processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra, Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head backward, Spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra. Muscles that move the eyeballs are extrinsic, meaning they originate outside of the eye and insert onto it. Origin: Ischial tuberosity Serratus anterior muscle:This muscle is so named due to its anterior digitations that have a serrated or finger-like appearance. Raise your eyebrows as if you were surprised and lower your eyebrows as if you were frowning. By accessing any content on this site or its related media channels, you agree never to hold us liable for damages, harm, loss, or misinformation. I nfraspinatus muscle : This muscle is located in the large posterior infraspinous fossa located inferior to the scapular spine. Biceps brachii muscle:This superficial muscle forms the bulk of the anterior compartment of the arm. This is where the rotator cuff muscles become inflamed and impinged as they pass through the subacromial space. Last reviewed: November 03, 2021 It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, a branch of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. It has an essential role in initiating the first 15 degrees of abduction (move away from the body). The muscle inserts on the medial part of the anterior border of the scapula. Check out the following quiz and the learn the muscles of the arm and shoulder. An easy way to distinguish between the actions of the interossei is to use the following mnemonic. Do Humans Have an Open or Closed Circulatory System? Read more. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance, Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Matern, Katie Morrison-Graham, Devon Quick & Jon Runyeon, Next: 11.5 Axial muscles of the abdominal wall and thorax, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Moves eyes up and toward nose; rotates eyes from 1 oclock to 3 oclock, Common tendinous ring (ring attaches to optic foramen), Moves eyes down and toward nose; rotates eyes from 6 oclock to 3 oclock, Moves eyes up and away from nose; rotates eyeball from 12 oclock to 9 oclock, Surface of eyeball between inferior rectus and lateral rectus, Moves eyes down and away from nose; rotates eyeball from 6 oclock to 9 oclock, Suface of eyeball between superior rectus and lateral rectus, Maxilla arch; zygomatic arch (for masseter), Closes mouth; pulls lower jaw in under upper jaw, Superior (elevates); posterior (retracts), Opens mouth; pushes lower jaw out under upper jaw; moves lower jaw side-to-side, Inferior (depresses); posterior (protracts); lateral (abducts); medial (adducts), Closes mouth; pushes lower jaw out under upper jaw; moves lower jaw side-to-side, Superior (elevates); posterior (protracts); lateral (abducts); medial (adducts), Draws tongue to one side; depresses midline of tongue or protrudes tongue, Elevates root of tongue; closes oral cavity from pharynx.

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